How to prepare waste decomposer.

Waste Decomposer culture can be purchased from NCOF, Gaziabad or purchase it online from Sakti Bio Fertilizer @Amazon or from BHUSHAKTI @Amazon. Each bottle of waste decomposer costs Rs.20 only.

The method to prepare waste decomposer is as follows:

Method 1 :

Step 1:

Take 200 liters of water in a plastic drum.

Step 2:

Take 2 kgs of jaggery, black organic jaggery is the best. In case jaggery is not available then you can use 8 to 10 liters of sugarcane juice or 20 kgs of sugarcane pieces. Mix jaggery or sugarcane juice or sugarcane pieces in the water.

Step 3:

Empty the Waste Decomposer culture bottle in the water and stir well.

Step 4:

Cover the drum with cloth to keep fly and other insects out.

Step 5:

Stir the solution twice in a day at morning & evening. The solution will be ready in 4-10 days depending on the climate. In summers the solution will be ready in 4-5 days and in winters it may take 8-10 days.

Method 2 :

Step 1:

Take 200 liters of water in a plastic drum.

Step 2:

Take 2 kgs of jaggery, black organic jaggery is the best. In case jaggery is not available then you can use 8 to 10 liters of sugarcane juice or 20 kgs of sugarcane pieces. Mix jaggery or sugarcane juice or sugarcane pieces in the water.

Step 3:

Take 1 liter of waste decomposer solution and stir well.

Step 4:

Cover the drum with cloth to keep fly and other insects out.

Step 5:

Stir the solution twice in a day at morning & evening. The solution will be ready in 4-10 days depending on the climate. In summers the solution will be ready in 4-5 days and in winters it may take 8-10 days.

The solution should be used within 1 year.

Method 3 :

This method is useful to prepare waste decomposer required for terrace or kitchen gardening.

Step 1:

Take 10 liters of water in a plastic bucket.

Step 2:

Take 100g of jaggery, black organic jaggery is the best. In case jaggery is not available then you can use 400 ml to 500 ml of sugarcane juice or 1 kg of sugarcane pieces. Mix jaggery or sugarcane juice or sugarcane pieces in the water.

Step 3:

Empty the Waste Decomposer culture bottle or take 1 liter of previously prepared waste decomposer  solution and mix it in the water and stir well.

Step 4:

Cover the drum with cloth to keep fly and other insects out.

Step 5:

Stir the solution twice in a day at morning & evening. The solution will be ready in 4-10 days depending on the climate. In summers the solution will be ready in 4-5 days and in winters it may take 8-10 days.


The Waste Decomposer solution should be used within 1 year. Save some solution and use it to prepare new batch of waste decomposer solution.

Remedy for Thirps # Natural pest control

Thrips feed on plants by puncturing and sucking up the contents.

Thrips can be controlled by using the following solution:

Solution 1:

Step 1:

Take 6 to 8 litres of Bhrahmastra and  6 to 8 litres of Agniastra.

Step 2:

Mix the above solution in 200 litres of water and spray it in 1 acre land.

Solution 2:

Step 1:

Take 5 kgs of neem leaves and make chatni (paste) using sil-batta (mortar & pestle).

Step 2:

Take 2 kgs of Custard Apple leaves and make chatni (paste) using sil-batta (mortar & pestle).

Step 3:

Take 2 kgs of besharam (Ipomoea carnea) leaves and make chatni (paste) using sil-batta (mortar & pestle).

Step 4:

Take 10 litres of desi cow urine and mix the above mentioned leaf chatnis (pastes). Mix it thoroughly.

Step 5:

Cover the solution with a gunny bag and keep it for 5 days.

Step 6:

After 5 days, filter the solution using cloth and mix it with 200 litres of water. Spray the solution in 1 acre land.

Remedy for Leafhoppers, Jassids (तुडतुडे), Teamosquito # Natural pest control

Leafhoppers are plant feeders that suck plant sap from grass, shrubs, or trees.

Jassids (तुडतुडे) & Teamosquito can be controlled by using the following solution:

Solution 1:

Step 1:

Take 1/2 kg (500 grams) desi lasoon (garlic) & 1/2 kg (500 gram) very hot green chilli. Make paste using sil-batta (mortar & pestle).

Step 2:

Mix the above made paste (chatni) in 100 litres water. Mix well & keep the solution overnight.

Step 3:

In the morning, filter the solution using cloth and spary in the field. Do not add more water, use this as-is.

Solution 2:

Step 1:

Take 2 kg Karanj leaves and make paste (chatni) using sil-batta.

Step 2:

Take 2 kg Neem leaves and make paste (chatni) using sil-batta.

Step 3:

Mix both the pastes (chatnis) in 15 liter water and keep it on stove to boil. Let the solution boil in low heat. Keep it on the stove till the solution has become half. After it has become half, put the flame off and keep the solution to cool.

Step 4:

Mix the solution with 200 liters of water.

Step 5:

Mix 2 litres of Gaumtra (desi cow's urine) in the above solution. Mix it well.

Step 6:

Filter the solution using cloth and spary in the field. Do not add more water, use this as-is.

 

Solution 3:

Step 1:

Take 1 kg left over stems, waste, etc of chewing tobacco and mix it in water.

Step 2:

Keep the solution to boil for 20 minutes. After boiling cover the vessel and keep this solution overnight.

Step 3:

Next morning add 50 grams edible chuna and 50 grams washing powder to the solution. Mix it well.

Step 4:

Filter the solution using cloth and mix it with 50 liters of water. Spray the solution in the field.

Remedy for Leafminer # Natural pest control

Leafminer is a larva of insects that lives on the leaf of plants. They eat leaf tissues for their survival.

Leafminers can be controlled by using the following solution:

Step 1:

Take 1 kg leaves of neem and make chatni using sil-batta. Take 1 kg leaves of karanj (Pongamia pinnata) and make chatni using sil-batta.

Step 2:

Take 10 litres of cow urine of desi cow and mix the chatnis of neem & karanj leaves. Mix thoroughly. Cover the container using a gunny bag and keep it for 4 days for fermentation.

Step 3:

Filter the solution using cloth and mix it with 100 litres of water. Spray the solution in 1 acre land.

Remedy for Blight (Karpa) # Natural disease control

Karpa is a fungal disease. It becomes severe in high humidity, rainfall & temperature around 25-30 degree celcius.

Karpa can be controlled by using the following solution:

Step 1:

Take 100 gram desi babul leaves and put in 2 litres of water.

Step 2:

Boil water with leaves in low heat till the solution is halved.

Step 3:

After solution cools down, filter the solution using a cloth and mix it with 200 litres of water.

Step 4:

Spray the solution. The solution prepared can be used sprayed in 1 acre land.

Remedy for Downy Mildew (Kevda) # Natural disease control

Downy mildew is caused by the fungus.

Downy mildew will appear as tiny yellow dots on the tops of your plant’s leaves and as a fluffy white substance underneath the leaves.

Downy Mildew (Kevda) can be controlled by using the following solutions:

Solution 1:

Step 1:

Take 2 kg leaves of papaya & 2 kg leaves of moringa (drumstick / shevga) and make chatni of the leaves using sil-batta.

Step 2:

Put this chatni of leaves in 4 litres of water. Let it ferment overnight.

Step 3:

In the morning, filter the solution using cloth and mix it with 200 litres of water.

Step 4:

Spray the solution.

Solution 2:

Mix 15 litres of Jiwamrutam, 5 litres of sour butter milk & 200 litres of water. Spray the solution.

Remedy for Powdery Mildew (Bhuri) # Natural disease control

Powdery mildew is caused by the fungus.

Powdery mildew causes a grey-colored powdery growth to appear on both the upper and lower surface of the plant’s leaves. The disease appears in the form of whitish patches on both the sides of leaves. These patches gradually grow in size covering a maximum part of the lamina which gives whitish green appearance. When the attack is severe, withering and shedding of leaves take place; patches also appear on shoots near the base which turns black. Affected blossoms fail to set in fruit. Young berries drop when affected in the early stage of their growth. They crack when affected in the advanced stage.

This disease commonly seen in December and January when weather is cool and humid condition. The disease normally occurs between November and January. The spores are carried by wind from a diseased to a healthy crop which provides the source of infection.

Powdery Mildew (Bhuri) can be controlled by using the following solutions:

Solution 1:

Step 1:

Take 1 kg pieces of sticks of Gulvel (Giloy). Put these pieces in 10 litres of water and keep it to boil.

Step 2:

Boil the solution on low heat till the quantity halves.

Step 3:

After the solution cools down mix it with 200 litres of water.

Step 4:

Take 3 litres desi Cow urine (gaumutra) and mix it in the solution. Mix the solution thoroughly.

Step 5:

Filter the solution and spray it on the plants / trees.

Solution 2:

Step 1:

Take 2 kg leaves of Papaya. Make chatni of the leaves using sil-batta.

Step 2:

Put the chatni in 200 litres of water.

Step 3:

Take 3 litres desi Cow urine (gaumutra) and mix it in the solution. Mix the solution thoroughly.

Step 4:

Filter the solution and spray it on the plants / trees.

Solution 3:

Step 1:

Take 200 gm Vekhand (Sweet Flag / Calamus) powder and mix it with 3 litres of desi Cow urine (gaumutra). Mix it thoroughly

Step 2:

Cover the vessel. Keep the vessel covered for 24 hours.

Step 3:

After 24 hours filter the solution and mix it with 200 litres of water.

Step 4:

Spray the solution. 200 litres solution can be used for 1 acre land.

Solution 4:

Step 1:

Take 250 gm Turmeric tubers. Make chatni using sil-batta.

Step 2:

Put it in a vessel with 100 litres of water. Keep it ovenight.

Step 3:

In the morning, filter the solution and spray it. Do not mix water while spraying.

Remedy for Mealy Bugs # Natural insect repellent

Mealy Bugs can be controlled by using the following solutions:

Solution 1:

Spray Jeevamrutam regularly.

Solution 2:

Step 1:

Take 10 gram dried pods of babul tree.

Step 2: 

Make powder of the pods alongwith the seeds

Step 3:

Take 1 litre of water in a vessel  and mix the powder in the water thoroughly.

Step 4: 

Keep it in shade for 2 hours.

Step 5:

Filter the solution using a cloth.

Step 6:

Mix the filtered solution with 200 litres of water and use it for 1 acre.



Note:

Do not use electric mixer grinder for making powder. Use mortal and pestle.

Natural fungicides # Kavaknashak, Burshinashak

Farmers can make natural fungicides which would help in plant protection against fungal attack.

The following are different solutions for natural fungicides which can be prepared by the farmer by using everything natural and very low on cost.

Solution 1:

For 1 acre, foilar spary of 200 liters of water mixed with 10 to 20 litres of Jeevamrutam. Jeevamrutam should be filtered using cloth before mixing it with water.

Solution 2:

For 1 acre, foilar spary of 200 liters of water mixed with 5 litres of sour buttermilk.

Solution 3:

• Take 5 kg farm yard manure. 
• Make fine powder pieces and tie them in a cloth. 
• Put this bundle in 200 litres water. 
• Keep the bundle in water for 48 hours. 
• After 48 hours remove the bundle and squeeze it. 
• Dip the bundle again in water, remove it and squeeze it. Repeat the steps 3 times. 
• After this filter the solution and spray it in 1 acre.

Solution 4:

• Take 2 litres of water. 
• Mix 200g of saunth (dried ginger) powder or vavding powder in water. Mix it thoroughly. 
• Cover the pot and keep it for boiling. Boil on low flame and reduce the water to half. 
• Let it cool.
• Take 2 litre of desi cow milk in a separate vessel. 
• Boil the milk in low flame. After 1 boil keep the milk to cool down.
• After the milk cools down, remove the cream
• Take 200 litres of water and mix the solution & milk in the water. Mix it thoroughly.
• Filter the mixture using a cloth.
• Use this filtered solution as a foilar spary within 24 hours. You can use this solution for 1 acre of land.

Tonics for imrpoving size & quality of fruits, vegetables & flowers.

Farmers can make natural tonics for plants. The tonics will increase the size & quality of the produce.

The following tonics can be prepared by the farmer by using everything natural and very low on cost.

Solution 1:

Foilar spary of 200 liters of Saptdhanyankur ark per acre.

Solution 2: 

Take 200g Jyesthmad (mulethi) and 200g black/red til. Make fine powder using khal batta (mortar & pastel). Mix the powder in 5 litres of water and boil. Keep on heating the solution in low heat till the solution is halfed. After the solution cools down, mix the solution in 200 litres of water. Take half kg (500g) natural jaggery, cut into small pieces and mix it in the solution. Mix the solution very well. Strain the solution using cloth and then spary. This quantity is enough for 1 acre of land.

Solution 3: 

Take 200 litres of water and 2 litres of mature coconut water. Mix the solution well and spary in 1 acre of land.

Solution 4: 

Take 5 kg leaves and stem of gulvel (giloy). Make a paste. Put this paste in 5 litres of water and take a boil. Keep on heating the solution in low heat till the solution is halfed. After the solution cools down, mix it in 200 litres of water. Mix it well and filter the solution using a cloth. Use the filtered solution as a foilar spary in 1 acre land.

Usage:

All the above solution quantity if for 1 acre of land. 

Saptdhanyankur ark : Tonic for plants made from seven sprouted grains

Saptdhanyankur ark is a tonic for the plants. Using this during the fruiting (production) period increases the quality of fruits, vegetables & flowers. The solution can be prepared inhouse by the farmers.

Materials required:

• Water (typically prepare using 200 litres of water).
• Cow urine 10% of the water i.e. 100ml per litre of water.
• Black Sesame (til) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Green gram (moog) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Blackgram (Urad) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Cowpea (chawli) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Moth beans (matki) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Chickpea (harbara) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.
• Wheat (gehu) whole seeds 0.05% of the water i.e. 0.5g per litre of water.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Soak black sesame seeds in water in a bowl. Keep it aside for 1 day. After 24 hours proceed to next step.

Step 2:

Soak the seeds of moog, urad chawli, matki, harbara & gehu in water in a separate bowl. Soak it for 24 hours. After 24 hours proceed to next step.

Step 3:

Next day take all the 7 types of seeds out from water. Tie the seeds in a cloth and hang it in shade.
Keep the drained out water separately. The seeds are hanged till the seeds are sprouted with atleast 1 cm root.

Step 4:

After the seeds are sprouted crush them using sil-batta (baton). Do not use mixer grinder.
 

Step 5:

Take water & pour cow urine in it. Pour the water that was used to soak the seed and mix it. Put the seed pulp in the solution and mix it properly. Use wooden stick for stirring the solution. Cover the tank with gunny bag. Keep the solution for 2 hours.

Step 6:

After 2 hours the filter the solution and use it within next 24 hours.

Preparation Time:

4-5 days.

Shelf life:

24 hours.

Usage:

The solution should be sprayed on the plants as a foilar spray. Do not mix water in the solution use the solution as is.

• Spray on the vegetable crops (kharif or rabi) when the vegetables are in milking stage. 
• Spray on fruit trees when the fruits are small, medium or before they mature.
• When the fruit pods are small.
• In flower crops when the flowers are in budding stage.

Note:

Make seed paste using sil-batta (baton).

Use cow urine of desi cows only.

Dashparni Kashayam # Excellent medicine for all types of plant diseases & pests

Dashparni kashayamis a very powerful medicine prepared using all natural ingredients. This is useful against all types of pests and plant diseases. it strengthens the overall immunity within plants. it is antiviral and antifungal. The solution can be prepared inhouse by the farmers.

Materials required:

• Water (typically prepare using 200 litres of water).
• Cow urine 10% of the water i.e. 100ml per litre of water.
• Cow dung (gobar) 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Turmeric powder (haldi) 0.25% of the water i.e. 2.5g per litre of water.
• Ginger powder (adrak) 0.25% of the water i.e. 2.5g per litre of water.
• Asafoetida powder (hing) 0.025% of the water i.e. 0.25g per litre of water.
• Tobacco powder (tambakoo) 0.5% of the water i.e. 5g per litre of water.
• Spicy desi green chilli paste 0.5% of the water i.e. 5g per litre of water.
• Desi garlic paste (lasson) 0.025% of the water i.e. 0.25g per litre of water.
• Neem leaves or neem seeds powder 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Pongamia Pinnata (karanj) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Sitaphal leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Castor (arandi) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Datura leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• User any 5 of the below mentioned  materials:
• Lantana (ghaneri / tantani) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Cotton / mandar (rui) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Nirgudi leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Belpatra leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Tulsi leaves, branches & flower / seeds 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Marigold leaves, branches 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Oleandar (kaner) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Gulvel leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Mango leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Hibiscus (jaswand) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Drumstick (shevga) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Agada leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Terminalia arjuna (arjun) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Pomergrante leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Guava (peru) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Durva leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Supari (betel / arecanut) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Coffee leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Cocoa leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Cardamom (elaichi) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Papaya leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Turmeric (haldi) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Ginger (adrak) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Bitter groud (karela) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Cassia tora (tarota) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Indian Jujube (Ber) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.
• Tridex procumbens L (kambermodi) leaves 1% of the water i.e. 10g per litre of water.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix water, cow urine & cow dung. Ensure that there is no lumps of cow dung. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture. Keep this mixture covered for 2 hours.

Step 2:

Put turmeric powder, ginger powder & asafoetida(hing) powder in the mixture prepared in the previous step. Mix the solution properly with a wooden stick. Cover the tank with gunny bag. Let the solution ferment for 24 hours (1 day). After 24 hours proceed to next step.

Step 3:

Prepare tobacco powder and put it in the solution prepared in the previous step.

Step 4:

Take extremely spicy desi green chili & desi garlic. Make a paste using baton (sil-batta). Put the paste the above prepared solution. Now, mix the solution properly with a wooden stick. Cover the tank with gunny bag. Let the solution ferment for 24 hours (1 day). After 24 hours proceed to next step.
 

Step 5:

Take neem leaves, karanj leaves, sitaphal leaves, arandi leaves & datura leaves and any 5 leaves out of the list of leaves mentioned in the material list. Put the leaves in the solution prepared in the previous step. Cover the tank with gunny bag and ensure that the solution is not exposed to sunlight or rains. Let the solution ferment for 30 to 40 days.

Step 6:

Stir the solution clockwise using a wooden stick 2 times a day for 1 min, everyday.

Step 7:

After 30 to 40 days, filter the solution and and store dashparni kashayam in a bottle.

Preparation Time:

32-42 days

Shelf life:

6 months.

Usage:

The solution should be sprayed on the infected plants. For foilar spray use 3% dashparni kashayam with water. If the infestation is high then you can use 4% solution. For 1 acre mix 6 to 8 litres of dashparni kashayam with 200 litres of water and spary on the plants.

Note:

Make chilli pulp & garlic pulp using sil-batta (baton).

Use cow urine & dung of desi cows only.

Bhramhastra # Missile against sucker & large sized stem, fruit & pod borer

Bhramhastra is a very powerful missile against larger pests like stem borer, fruit borer & pod borer.

The solution can be prepared inhouse by the farmers.

Materials required:

• Cow urine (go mutra)
• Crushed neem leaves (with thin stems) or neem seed powder @ 100g per litre of cow urine.
• Crushed karanj (Pongamia pinnata) leaves @ 100g per litre of cow urine.
• Crushed sitaphal (Custard apple) leaves @ 100g per litre of cow urine.
• Crushed arandi (Castor) leaves @ 100g per litre of cow urine.
• Crushed dhotura leaves @ 100g per litre of cow urine.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients in a earthen pot. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture.

Step 2:

Boil the solution.

Step 3:

Cover the pot with gunny bag or poly net. Tank should be in shade and ensure the tank is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water. Let the mixture ferment for 48 hours.
 

Step 4:

Stir the solution clockwise using a wooden stick 2 times a day for 1 min.

Step 4:

After 48 hours filter the solution and and store bhramhastra in bottle.

Preparation Time:

48 hours

Shelf life:

6 months.

Usage:

The solution should be sprayed on the infected plants. For foilar spray use 3% bhramhastra with water. If the infestation is high then you can use 4% solution. For 1 acre mix 6 to 8 litres of bhramhastra with 200 litres of water and spary on the plants.

Note:

Crush the neem leaves & other plant leaves using sil-batta (baton).

Use cow urine of desi cows only.

Agniastra # Missile against leaf roller, stem, fruit & pod borer

Agniastra is a very powerful missile against pests like leaf roller, stem borer, fruit borer & pod borer. The solution can be prepared inhouse by the farmers.

Materials required:

• Cow urine (go mutra)
• Crushed leaves of Tobacco @ 25g per litre of cow urine.
• Deshi hot green chilli pulp @ 25g per litre of cow urine.
• Deshi garlic pulp @ 12.5g per litre of cow urine.
• Crushed neem leaves (with thin stems) or neem seed powder @ 100g per litre of cow urine.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients in a earthen pot. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture.

Step 2:

Boil the solution.

Step 3:

Cover the pot with gunny bag or poly net. Tank should be in shade and ensure the tank is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water. Let the mixture ferment for 48 hours.
 

Step 4:

Stir the solution clockwise using a wooden stick 2 times a day for 1 min.

Step 4:

After 48 hours filter the solution and and store agniastra in bottle.

Preparation Time:

48 hours

Shelf life:

3 months.

Usage:

The solution should be sprayed on the infected plants. For foilar spray use 3% agniastra with water. If the infestation is high then you can use 4% solution. For 1 acre mix 6 to 8 litres of agniastra with 200 litres of water and spary on the plants.

Note:

Crush the neem leaves & tobacco leaves using sil-batta (baton).

Make chilli pulp & garlic pulp using sil-batta (baton).

Use cow urine of desi cows only.

Neemastra # Insecticide for sucking pests & mealy bugs

Neemastra is a very good solution for fighting the menace of sucking pests & mealy bugs. The solution can be prepared inhouse by the farmers.

Materials required:

• Water @ 200 litre for 1 acre
• Cow urine (go mutra) @ 50 ml per litre of water
• Cow dung (gobar) @ 10g per litre of water
• Crushed neem leaves (with thin stems) or neem seed powder @ 50g per litre of water.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients in a plastic or cement tank. Ensure that there is no lumps of cow dung. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture.

Step 2:

Cover the tank with gunny bag or poly net. Tank should be in shade and ensure the tank is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water. Let the mixture ferment for 48 hours.

Step 3:

Every morning & evening stir the solution in clockwise direction, using a wooden stick for atleast 1 minute.

Step 4:

After 48 hours filter the solution and use.

Preparation Time:

24 hours

Shelf life:

6 months

Usage:

The solution should be sprayed on the plants. Do not mix any water, spray it as is.

Note:

Crush the neem leaves & stems using sil-batta (baton).

Use cow urine & cow dung of desi cows only.

Beejamrutam - Amruta given to seeds for increasing immunity & germination.

Beejamrutam is used for seed treatment. Seed treatment is very important since a number of diseases make their footprint while germination. Seeds treated with Beejamrutam have more immunity & their germination probability also increases.

Materials required:

• Water (20 litres for 100 kg of seeds)
• Cow urine (250 ml for every litre of water)
• Cow dung (250 g for every litre of water)
• Chuna (2.5 g per litre of water)
• Handful of soil from farm dykes, farm bunds, ensure that there is no stones. 

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients in a plastic or cement tank. Ensure that there is no lumps of cow dung. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture.

Step 2:

Cover the tank with gunny bag or poly net. Tank should be in shade and ensure the tank is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water.

Step 3:

Next morning Beejamrutam is ready and can be used for seed treatment.

Preparation Time:

12-24 hours

Shelf life:

Use this for beej shanskar within 48 hours. Although this can be kept upto 7 days.

Usage:

For 100 kg seeds, use 20 litres of water for preparing Beejamrutam.

Spread seeds on a plastic on the floor. Sprinkle Beejamrutam on the seeds. Move seeds up-down and ensure that all the seeds are covered with the Beejamrutam.

Care should be taken with the dicot seeds like the pulses (tur, urad, cowpea, etc.) They are delicate and hence do not rub them. Move your hands very delicately while moving the seeds up-down.

Do not use this treatment for soyabean & groundnut seeds since they have a very thin coating over the seeds and the coating may get damaged when it gets wet. For these seeds mix 10 percent Ghana Jeevamrutam and sow them.

After Beejamrutam treatment let the seeds dry and then sow them.

While transplanting nursery plants, dip the roots in Beejamurtam solution and then transplant them in the fields.

For plants that are cultivated by cuttings like drumstick, vanila, giloy, etc or stems like sugarcane or rhizomes like banana, turmeric, etc, put the planting material in a wooden basket and dip the basket in Beejamrutam. Use the treated material for sowing in the farm.

Seed Balls:

After the seed treatment is done, mix the seeds with soil & ghana jeevamrutam mixture and make seed balls. The see balls can then be broadcasted in the fields.

Ghana Jeevamrutam - The dry form of microbial culture for rejuvenating soil

Ghana Jeevamrutam is a dry form of the amruta that can be provided to rejuvenate the soil. Ghana Jeevamrutam can be spread on the farm and mixed with the soil before sowing the seeds or broadcasted once in a month.

There are three methods for preparing Ghana Jeevamrutam.

Method 1:

Materials required:

• Cow Dung, the fresher the cow dung the better
• Jaggery (10 g per kg of cow dung) or Sugarcane juice (20 ml per kg of cow dung)
• Pulse flour, also known as besan of pulses like chawdi, tur, chana or urad (10 g per kg of cow dung).

Method 2:

Materials required:

• Farm Yard Manure 
• Jeevamrutam (100 ml per kg of farm yard manure)

Method 3:

Materials required:

• Dried Bio gas slurry
• Cow Dung (same quantity as dried bio gas slurry)
• Jaggery (20 g per kg of dried bio gas slurry) or Sugarcane juice (40 ml per kg of dried bio gas slurry)
• Pulse flour, also known as besan of pulses like chawdi, tur, chana or urad (20 g per kg of dried bio gas slurry).

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients.

Step 2: 

Cover the mixture with bardana (gunny bag). The mixture should be in shade and ensure it is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water.

Step 4:

After 48 hours Ghana Jeevamrutam is ready for usage. 

Step 5:

If you need to store Ghana Jeevamrutam then dry it. After the Ghana Jeevamrutam is completely dried crush it and make fin pieces and store it in dry place.

Preparation Time:

48 hours

Shelf life:

6 months. Dried Ghana Jeevamrutam can be stored and used for upto 6 months.

Usage:

Ghana Jeevamrutam can be used while sowing the seeds. Mix it with soil and you can make seed balls for sowing.

It can also be broadcasted in the farm manually 400 kgs of ghana jeevamrutam should be used for 1 acre, once every month. 

Ghana Jeevamrutam can also be used in preparing potting mix for kitchen gardening. It should be mixed with soil and coco peat in 1:1:1 ratio.

Jeevamrutam - Life giving amruta for soil

Jeevamurtam is a ocean of microbes which when irrigated into the farm increases humus and activities of living organisms in the soil. Jeevamrutam when used as a foilar spray, plays an important role in promoting growth & providing immunity to the plant.

Materials required:

• Water 
• Cow urine (25 ml to 50 ml per litre of water)
• Cow dung (50 g per litre of water)
• Black jaggery, also known as gur (5 g per litre of water) or Sugarcane juice (20 ml  to 40 ml per litre of water) or Sugarcane pieces (50 g per litre of water) or pulp of any sweet fruit like ripened chikoo, papaya, banana etc (5 g per litre of water)
• Pulse flour, also known as besan of pulses like chawdi, tur, chana or urad (5 g per litre of water). Flour of Green Peas, Soyabean & Groudnut should not be used since they contain higher percentage of oil.
• Handful of soil from farm dykes, farm bunds, ensure that there is no stones.

Procedure (as suggested by Shri Subhash Palekar):

Step 1:

Mix all the ingredients in a plastic or cement tank. Ensure that there is no lumps of cow dung or the pulse flour. Use wooden stick for mixing the ingredients. The stick should be moved clockwise while mixing so that positive energy is circulated in the mixture.

Step 2: 

Cover the tank with gunny bag or poly net. Tank should be in shade and ensure the tank is not exposed to direct sunlight or rain water.

Step 3: 

Every morning and in the evening mix the Jeevamrutam for 1 minute using the wooden stick.

Step 4:

After 48 to 72 hours Jeevamrutam is ready for usage. Filter the solution and keep the filtered liquid in glass or plastic bottle or tank for usage.

Step 5:

Pour same amount of water again in the sludge that is leftover in the tank after filtering the liquid. Keep this for another 48 hours and a second batch of Jeevamrutam is ready.

Step 6: 

After second batch use the spread in the farm.

Preparation Time:

48 to 72 hours

Shelf life:

8 to 15 days. Use the jeevamrutam within 8 days of preparation. After 7 days the smell from Jeevamrutam will increase because of too many microbes which are present in the liquid. Jeevamrutam should not be used post 15 days.

Usage:

Jeevamrutam can be used in the farm by way of mixing it with the irrigation water or pouring the liquid on the soil manually or by foilar spray or pouring it straight on the ground during rainy season.

When mixing with irrigation water or spreading on the farm soil manually 200 litres of jeevamrutam should be used for 1 acre, once every month. 

Azolla - Miraculous fern for nitrogen fixation & sustainable cattle feed

Azolla is a free floating fern and can be grown in ponds, pits, tanks, etc.

Azolla can be very easily cultivated in a pit with depth of 20cms.

Materials required:

• Azolla mother culture 250 g per sq m
• Labour for making trenches
• 5 kgs sieved soil per sq m
• Poly sheet 
• Poly net
• Few gunny bags
• Cow dung (4-5 days old) 1.5 kg per sq m
• Neem cake 125gm per sq m
• Water

Procedure:

Step 1: 

Azolla cultivation pit can be prepared using the following options

• Dig a trench
• Arrange bricks in a rectangle or square so that a pit is formed between the four sides
• Construct a concrete pit, in this case directly go to step 5

The pit should be 20 cms deep. Typically you can go for a pit with 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.2 m dimension. This will help in harvest and maintenance.

Have round edges avoid any sharp edge in the corners.

Step 2: 

Level the floor and remove any stones. There should be no slope inside the pit. 

Step 3: 

Place some gunny bags on the floor

Step 4: 

Cover the pit with UV stabalised poly sheet or tarpaulin sheet. Ensure that there is no wrinkle left. Also, the edges of the sheet should be well covered with soil so that the sheet remains tight and is not loosened when water is poured into the pit.

Step 5: 

Spread sieved soil on the floor evenly

Step 6: 

Make a slurry by mixing cow dung, neem cake & some water and sprinkle it evenly on the soil in the pit.

Step 7: 

Now fill the pit with water such that water depth of minimum 10 cm is achieved. Fill the water cautiously and ensure that the soil does not get concentrated in one corner or area.

Step 8: 

After the water is settled remove the layer of foam and scum that are formed. Now add the azolla mother culture to the pond. The Azolla mother  culture is nothing but azolla fern from some existing pit. This can be purchased from any existing azolla cultivator or from agriculture university.

Step 9:

Place poly net on the pit.

Harvesting:

Azolla will spread @ 400 g per sq m. Azolla will cover the entire bed and form a mat within 1 week. After 1 week the harvesting of Azolla fern can begin. Daily 400 g per sq m should be harvested this will avoid over-crowding of the fern.

Azolla should be harvested using sieved plastic trays. The fern should be washed properly in clean water two to three times to remove the cow dung smell. 

The left over water after washing (Azolla Wash) can be used as bio-manure for plants.

Usage:

Azolla can be used as cattle feed. The washed azolla should be mixed with feed concentrates in 1:1 ratio. 1 - 1.5 kg of azolla can be fed to the cattle every day. In case of excess, azolla can be dried and stored. This dried azolla can also be fed to cattle.

Dried azolla can be used as bio-manure in the farm. Azolla is a ver good source of nitrogen.

Notes:

1. It is important to keep azolla at the rapid multiplication growth phase with the minimum doubling time. Therefore biomass (around 200 g per square meter) should be removed every day or on alternate days to avoid overcrowding 

2. About 1 kg of cow dung should be added once every 5 days in order to maintain rapid multiplication of the azolla and to maintain the daily yield. 

3. The temperature should be kept below 25 °C. If the temperature goes up the light intensity should be reduced by providing shade. If possible, it is best to place the production unit where it is shady. 

4. The pH should be tested periodically and should be maintained between 5.5 and 7. 

5. About 5 kg of bed soil should be replaced with fresh soil, once in 30 days, to avoid nitrogen build up and prevent micro-nutrient deficiency. 

6. 25 to 30 percent of the water also needs to be replaced with fresh water, once every 10 days, to prevent nitrogen build up in the bed. 

7. The bed should be cleaned, the water and soil replaced and new azolla inoculated once every six months. 

8. A fresh bed has to be prepared and inoculated with pure culture of azolla, when contaminated by pest and diseases. 

9. The azolla should be washed in fresh water before use to remove the smell of cow dung.

Financial:

The cost preparing 1 pit of azolla of size 2.5 x 1.5 x 0.2 m is about Rs.1800/-. 

Overall cost of azolla harvest is Rs.0.65 per kg.